Faith Nyasuguta
Japan is ramping up efforts to expand its footprint in Africa, transitioning from a long-standing role as a donor to a more aggressive investor. The shift is part of Tokyo’s broader strategy to deepen trade ties and reduce China’s massive influence on the continent.
Takehiko Matsuo, vice-minister for International Affairs at Japan’s Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, says that the country’s emergence from three decades of economic stagnation has reawakened risk appetite among Japanese businesses. “Now the mindset of Japanese business leaders has changed dramatically and they are much more proactive about expanding their business globally,” he told Bloomberg. “Africa is one of the destinations where we expect Japanese companies to grow their presence.”
While the United States and the United Kingdom remain Japan’s top foreign direct investment (FDI) destinations, Africa currently receives only 0.5% of Japan’s total FDI. But this could soon change. Africa’s booming population, untapped markets, and wealth of natural resources have caught Tokyo’s attention – and its renewed intent to compete.
Critical minerals, base metals, and rare earths are among Japan’s priority sectors. These resources are vital for advanced technologies and green energy transitions – and Japan wants them without relying on China. Beijing remains Africa’s largest trading partner, but Japan is now signaling it’s ready to challenge that dominance through targeted investments.
Already, key Japanese firms are making moves. Mitsui & Co., a major trading house, was the top bidder for a stake in Zambia’s First Quantum Minerals copper mines last year. Another company, Hitachi Construction Machinery, is developing hybrid dump trucks to support more sustainable mining practices across Africa.
Japan’s push comes at a critical moment for the continent. With President Donald Trump’s return to the White House, Washington has slashed key foreign aid programs -forcing African governments to turn to alternative partners. Japan, unlike the U.S., U.K., or Russia, has not announced any aid cuts, and appears instead to be doubling down on economic diplomacy.
Tokyo’s bet is clear: Africa’s future markets and minerals are too important to leave to China alone. If Japan can offer investment without the strings often tied to aid, its influence on the continent may grow faster than ever.
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